Venus de Milo - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 812 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2019/10/10 Did you like this example? Personal Opinion Venus de Milo is one of the most known pieces of art in display at the Louver museum. It was discovered in the Milo Island in Greek in 1820. However, the name given to the statue is a little confusing; Venus is a love goddess among the roman. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Venus de Milo" essay for you Create order The sculpture was discovered in Greek and it would be therefore proper to give her the name Aphrodite. It is still not clear whether the sculpture is indeed a Greek love goddess. However, due to her naked body and beauty, many are left with the conclusion of Aphrodite. Moreover, the statue portrays certain elements of Hellenistic art. It also brings out certain classical ideologies; the perfect body form, the timelessness it portrays together with the calmness is all seen to be classical. Elements of Hellenistic art are portrayed through the swift flow observed at the back of the statue together with the curves in her robes that have been crafted wonderfully. Merging these two styles of art makes the resulting sculpture to be a remarkable one. It is very hard to read Venus de Milo’s face hence creating a mystery. The statue also has a beautiful female body form that creates a great symmetrical balance creating an eternal impression to anyone who catches it in a single moment ( Curtis 2010). Historical Context Also known as Aphrodite of Milos, the Venus de Milo is a statue from ancient Greece and is considered to be one of the most famous works when it comes to Greek sculptures. It is believed that the sculpture was created around 100BC. It is believed to portray the image of Aphrodite; Greek goddess of beauty and love. The sculpture is made of marble and has a height of about 6 ft. 8. Upon its discovery, part of the original plinth and an arm were lost. This statue is believed to be the work of Alexandros of Antioch. Currently, the work of art is being displayed in Paris; at the Louvre museum. It was discovered in the island of Milos, Greek hence its name. Myth Accompanying the Sculpture Most experts believe that the Venus de Milo is a representation of Aphrodite; a Greek goddess. Moreover, it is believed to depict a lot when it comes to the story about the Paris judgment. In this story, it is said that Paris, a young prince was given an apple that was golden by the discord goddess. The prince was required to give this apple as an award to the most beautiful lady during a contest. The three contestants in the contest were Hera, Aphrodite and Athena. The contest was won by Aphrodite after she bribed the prince with love considered to be from the most beautiful woman who was mortal; Helen of Sparta. She was therefore awarded the golden apple (Neff Fiume 2006). The Theme of Beauty and Mystery In the 19th century, the Venus de Milo was considered to be one of the greatest treasures when it comes to Greek art. Many art critics concurred with the fact that the piece of art was a clear representation of female aesthetics and beauty. Moreover, the statue has a remarkable blend of grace and grandeur (Gough 1995). Despite the fact that the enthusiasm and veneration given to such Greek work of art has faded in the recent years, the Venus de Milo still has a lot of mystery behind it. Despite the fact that the Venus de Milo is believed to be a representation of Aphrodite; this is due to her feminine sensual curves, she might alternatively be a representation of Amphitrite, a sea goddess who was worshipped and adored in Milo during the time of its discovery. However, according to Louvre, the statue closely resembles the Aphrodite of Capua and it might therefore be an imitation of Greek sculptures from the 4th century. Relevance of The Artwork in Today’s Audience With the ever dynamic world today, the idea of beauty especially among females keeps on evolving. With this evolution, meanings from the Venus de Milo are being reconstructed and rediscovered. Take for instance, many female activists today are using the statue to symbolize the vulnerability of women in the society and the sexual violence they suffer; the missing arms in the statue. In fact, in 2012, women took to the streets protesting against the French laws about rape, posing for photos in front of the statue topless. This was followed by calls for empowering women. Despite the fact that the statue was developed to be immortal and stationary, she acts as a representation of a woman on the move, very active and in motion (Siebers 2010). This can be observed from all the angles of the statue. In addition, the sculpture has also inspired works of various artists such as Dali, Cezanne, Jim Dine and Magritte. It depicts strong themes with regard to culture hence its popularity.

Father of New France, Samuel de Champlain Essay example

Samuel de Champlain, who is referred to as the Father of New France, was born in the Brouage, Saintonge province, Western France. He was born to a protestant family around 1570. His father Anthoine de Champlain was a sea captain. The fact that his father worked in the high sea as a navigator, gave Samuel a strong desire to be a sailor and an explorer. This came when he was barely twenty years, under the guide of Franà §ois Grave, he made his first voyage trip to the North America. Samuel Champlain never acquired a formal education in either Greek or Latin literature, but he learnt to navigate, drawing art of nautical charts, and writing. He also learnt the fighting techniques as part of a requirement for French sailors and later he was†¦show more content†¦He formed strong alliances some tribes such as Wendat, Algonquin and Montagnais. These tribes live around Saint Lawrence River. The tribes demanded that Champlain must lead them in war against the Iroquois tribe. The Iroq uois inhabited the south area of Richelieu River. The Iroquois had an alliance with England and Dutch, and thus had superior troops. They had an interest on the fur trade that put the two colonies in friction over the control of the trade. They frequently attacked the French and the tribes in alliance with them to push them trade the fur to the Dutch and English tradesmen. Champlain set off with French troops and native warriors to explore the area and as a result Champlain drew the map of Lake Champlain. During the exploration some Iroquois natives advanced in against Champlain men and war broke up. The battle was put to an end after Champlain and his soldiers killed three chiefs of the Iroquois. This strained the French – Iroquois relations further but later Champlain negotiated for a treaty that reconciled the two sides. New France, is a term that was used to refer to the area that the French colonized in the North America. Jacques Cartier, Samuel Champlain and other ear ly explorers opened up new routes along St. Lawrence River to allow further exploration works into the North America territories. Champlain explored other places down to the Lake Champlain building up settling areas.Show MoreRelatedComparison Of Jacques Cartier Vs. Samuel De Champlain1312 Words   |  6 PagesCartier VS Samuel De Champlain Jacques Cartier was a determined,intelligent, and patient explorer of France who was born on December 1, 1491. Cartier was best known for being the first European to describe and map the Gulf of Saint Lawrence and the shores of the Saint Lawrence River. He proudly named his rightful discoveries, â€Å"The country of Canadas.† Samuel De Champlain was a whole hearted, strong, intelligent, patriotic french navigator. Born August 13, 1574. Champlain founded New France and QuebecRead MoreOrenda Essay1132 Words   |  5 Pagesunderestimate his power by laughing at the words that he mumbles about the Great Voice. They allow Crow to continue his preaching as a form of entertainment. The Huron think that no one would fall for the Crow’s nonsense; however, the introduction of the new religion convinces some of the people to convert although their motives are questionable. For example, Aaron converts to Christianity because he thinks that Snow Falls is also a Christian and he wan ts to spend eternity with her. The crows take advantageRead MoreThe Society of New France Essay1847 Words   |  8 PagesThe Society of New France There were many early expeditions from Europe to North America, most in search of a Northwest Passage that linked the Atlantic to the Pacific, thus leading to the wealth of Asia . These excursions alerted Europeans of the resources North America offered and this attraction of fish and furs stimulated annual voyages from Europe to reap the benefits of the New World. As appealing as this discovery was, Europeans considered this New World a harsh environment andRead MoreU.S History I American Pagent Chapter 6 Vocabulary1150 Words   |  5 PagesChapter 6: The Duel for North America TERMS AND NAMES: 1. Samuel de Champlain: an intrepid soldier and explorer whose energy and leadership fairly earned him the title, Father of New France; started establishment of Quebec in 1608 on St. Lawrence River; allied with Huron Indians and fought Iroquois for them 2. William Pitt: British general; also known as the Great Commoner and Organizer of Victory; switched British focus in war from West Indies to Quebec-Montreal area; led 1758 expeditionRead MoreI Am A White, Natural Born Citizen Of The United States1069 Words   |  5 Pagesmix of immigrants. My paternal grandmother immigrated to the United States from Sao Miguel, Portugal. My paternal grandfather’s ancestors immigrated from England and Scotland to Canada. Some of my mother’s paternal ancestors immigrated from Spain to France before immigrating to Canada, and others were Aboriginal Canadians. Three out of my four grandparents have roots in Quebec, Canada. French Canadian is not a nationality that I identify with, but it is the culture that has impacted my life the mostRead MoreAmeric The Great Wagon Road1151 Words   |  5 Pagesbecause it was a stable job. Soon trade became very popular in New England. They created a trading port that left from New England to African , and then go to the West Indies. In 1775, two prominent churches were the Anglican and the Congregational. The Anglican Church was official in Georgia, the Carolinas, Virginia, Maryland, and part of New York. The Congregational Church grew from the Puritans, and it was established throughout the New England colonies except Rhode Island. Before these churchesRead MoreEssay History of Michigan2046 Words   |  9 Pagesfishing on the Great Lakes C) casino gambling D) reparations (cash payments) from the federal government as compensation for broken treaties and other offenses committed by the U.S. in the past 7.France, Europes wealthiest and most populous nation, did not enter the race to establish colonies in the New World until 1522. Spurred by accounts of Magellans success in circling the globe, the French sought to become the first European nation to discover what? A) the fabled Seven Cities of Gold B) theRead MoreRoyal Proclamation Essay1514 Words   |  7 Pagesin order to maintain peace with Indians and to prevent further casualties. Although the proclamation was made with the intention of protection the colonists, the colonists viewed it as oppression. It angered the colonists who wished to expand into new farmlands, as they believed that they, â€Å"...purchased the land with their blood in the most recent war† (The American Pageant, 113). Feeling defiant, the colonists decided to resist the proclamation and still expanded west. Treaty of Utrecht (1713)Read MoreThe Great Northwoods Essay7709 Words   |  31 Pagesthe Nicolet National Forest of northern Wisconsin. In order to do so, I found it necessary to begin with the early explorations of such notables as James Cartier, Samuel de Champlain, and Jean Nicolet. These French explorers blazed a path that enabled the settling of the territories now know as Wisconsin. Men like them embodied the new era of exploration that was gripping the European nations with the quest for empire, trade, and the advancement of Christianity, leading the way. In additionRead MoreBlack Robe Historical Analysis2122 Words   |  9 Pagesstay true to his religion while traveling from Champlain’s fur trading outpost to a Huron Native American mission in Nouvelle France during the 17th century. Father Paul La Forgue sets out on the 1,500 mile journey with members of the Algonquian tribe and a young Frenchman named Daniel Davost, determined to convert the â€Å"savages† to Christianity. Throughout the film, Father La Forgue faces the Algonquians’ beliefs that he is a demon, calling him â€Å"Black Robe†, and even abandoning him for a short period

Discourse Community free essay sample

This world goes through a lot of changes as time goes on. Changes in technology can make a brighter future for individuals. Because of advances in technology, this world is becoming more efficient and saving us money in the long-run with fuel, electricity, communication, etc. The social lifestyle of an individual involves technology in some way. Technology has become a necessity in these modern days and it is going to become more advanced as time goes on. With these advances in technology, the social lifestyles of individuals can be simpler. Technology moves our world forward nto a new and advanced era. Without technology, we would all be stuck in the same time as our ancestors. Technology is a very good thing for people anywhere and everywhere, no matter how old, it helps us in every aspect of our daily lives, and it is a thing that cannot be lived without. Technology has many branches and levels, from cell phones to the internet and even for medical purposes. A rule of safety I was told was a batter is not allowed to throw her bat after she hits the ball because it will be called an out. Throwing the bat is illegal because it can injure someone. When batting, the batter is allowed three strikes for a strikeout and four balls as a walk. If a batter gets hit by a pitch when the pitcher pitches it, she gets to go straight to first base. If the ball is hit outside of the white chalk, it is a foul. If the batter has two strikes and she decides to bunt the third strike and it goes foul, she will get called out. When sprinting to first base, if I round the base like I’m about to go to second base but don’t, and the first baseman has the ball, she can tag me out. Runners may overrun first base only, all other bases the runner may be tagged and called out if they are off the base. Runners cannot lead off a base; they must be on the base until the ball is released from the pitcher’s hand. After a fly ball has been caught the base runner must tag the occupied base before advancing to the next base but if they don’t than they are called out. One base runner cannot pass another base runner that is ahead of them. Although the rules are printed in black and white, learning the physical aspects of softball was very challenging. Being an athletic person allowed me to catch on quickly. Everyone else on the team had already experienced softball two or three years before me. First I learned to catch, which was probably the hardest thing for me. It seemed like the ball was moving a 100 miles per hour aiming straight towards my face even though it was coming 20-25 miles per hour. When catching the ball, the thrower has to aim straight for my chest; which is where I should want to target my glove. Learning to bat might seem challenging but it’s not. Hitting from a tee is effortless because there is more concentration on the ball. That’s probably the best way to be trained. Than a coach may soft toss it. Focusing more on the coach’s hand where the ball was, helped me focus on what I was looking for when a pitcher pitched against me. Soon after, the coach started the pitching machine. Nine times out of ten, when it’s a player first time hitting off a pitching machine, she is afraid to get hit by the ball. A lot of the batters jump out the way of the batter’s box. I know I did. Hitting off the pitching machine and having someone toss is very accommodating. Utilizing the tee is probably the best thing to use overall. It allows the batter to focus on using proper mechanics. The last entity I learned was to throw. Throwing is not as problematic for a right handed person as it is for left handed person. I honestly feel that right handed people has a better advantage than left handed people. A left handed person has to cross their body to throw to a right handed person. It’s a certain way of throwing to prevent my arm coming out of socket. Make sure my body is sideways, elbow and wrist is pointed back, and my glove is pointed toward the person I am throwing to. This will allow the ball to line up with their chest. Once the ball is thrown, finish my throw with my bellybutton facing the target; weight forward, and nose over my toe. Like I stated earlier, learning the basics is not that inflexible. Consuming an emotional connection towards the coaches and teammates had a massive impact on me. My senior year in high school coming in as a second team all-district pitcher, most valuable player from my freshman and sophomore year and honorable mention my junior year, it was an emotional roller coaster. I was pumped up the entire fall anxiously waiting for spring to get here to break more records but little did I know that a dramatic turn was about to happen. My team was very close. We went to church together every Sunday, had Wednesday mornings off from work outs to study with each other, Wednesday evenings off if we wanted to go to church, ate together at lunch, prayed before each game, and had weekly reports with our coach about grades. It was the fourth game in district and I was rounding third base heading home when my legs started feeling funny. When I touched home plate, my foot slipped and twisted my knee. That was probably the most excruciating pain I ever felt in my life. I went to the doctor and that’s when I found out I tore my ACL. After I tore my ACL and had surgery, it was a major impact on them. When I came back from my surgery, I made sure to remain at every game. There was a lot of confrontation with each other that wasn’t needed which caused the camaraderie to decline. What supposed to tear us apart should only bring us together. When one falls, we all fall. That’s what our coach use to scream at us. Our motto was â€Å"Rise Above† but it seemed like my team was just sinking. Softball was a place in my heart that I called home and my team did too. It took time to put the pieces back together but at the end of the day, the team finally became closer together than ever. Other students would probably say softball isn’t a sport. Why would they think that? Is it because we don’t run as much? If that’s the case, then baseball shouldn’t be called a sport as well. All the positions are the same but the only difference is baseball has a smaller ball, a longer and wider field and pitcher’s mound with a somewhat hill. What I don’t understand is baseball and softball are identical but baseball has a major league and softball doesn’t. They even decided to take out softball in the Olympics. Even though, it is not very known, the percentage is growing not only in America but nationwide. For example, in 2008 USA competed against Japan and lost the series 2-1. It was USA’s first lost ever in the Olympics. I feel that in the end, they will regret their decision on taking away softball and will soon bring it back. As I conclude, softball is becoming an ordinary sport that people will soon love. It took years to understand, and perfect the game of softball but I finally did it. Not only do I feel that I deserve to be in that discourse community but my team did as well. Having the rules understood, the mechanics perfected, and the emotional strength I proclaimed proves softball is a great discourse community. Understanding the rules logically gives specific facts about the game. Perfecting the mechanics showed my credibility of softball. The emotional connection made me someone that the team can look up to.

Leader Analysis Sheet Essays - Europe, 1st Millennium, Royal Titles

Leader Analysis Sheet Name of Leader: Charlemagne Lifespan: 743 AD - 814 AD (71 Years Old) Title: Holy Roman Emperor; King of the Lombards Country/region: Roman Empire; Present-day France Years in Power: October 9th ,768 - January 28th 814 (14 Years) Political, social, and economic conditions prior to leader gaining power: -The main systems of government were manorialism and feudalism. Although both were popular, they were very harsh on the peasants and middle-class. -The Catholic Church provided the only solid example of stability, with the Pope leading and anointing bishops. -Most of the population consisted illiterate peasants who saw Christianity as there only option. -Failure in trade led to the fall of Rome, allowing systems such as manorialism to be a substitute; serfs paying their landlords with crops in exchange for protection. Ideology, Motivation, Goals: Charlemagne wanted only the best for his people, and wanted to expand the Frankish empire like never before. He wanted to reunite with Western Europe and restore the glory of the Roman Empire. Significant actions and events during term of power: -Helped restore church-based education -Crowned Emperor of the Romans by Pope Leo III -Came into contact with the Danish people in the northern part of Western Europe and conquered them -Regained Spanish land from the Muslims Short-Term Effects: -The Roman Empire would be split into thirds after his death and given to his three grandsons. This would later become Germany, France, and parts of central Europe. -Western Europe would once again fall as no one had enough power to firmly rule. -Successors tried to claim his title but failed due to their heavy reliance on imperial claims to build a solid monarchy. Long-Term Effects: -After Charlemagne's death, no single empire could exist, and only monarchies had real power. -Western Europe would have a diverse amount of different governments and politics, but would have cultural unity in Roman Christianity. - Individual states would become nations that would for a time be headed by monarchies.

Hunt the US Treasury for Your Lost Money

Hunt the US Treasury for Your Lost Money Unfortunately, the U.S. Treasury Department’s Treasury Hunt website for finding and claiming lost U.S. Savings Bonds is no longer available. Instead, persons wishing to claim and recover lost, stolen, or destroyed bonds should submit Fiscal Service Form 1048, Claim for Lost, Stolen, or Destroyed United States Savings Bonds. Form 1048, along with instructions are available at https://www.treasurydirect.gov/forms/sav1048.pdf Filing a Claim for Lost Savings Bonds When filing the Fiscal Service Form 1048, Claim for Lost, Stolen, or Destroyed United States Savings Bonds, the Treasury Department offers the following advice: The serial numbers of all bonds should be listed if available. If a bond’s serial number is unavailable, the following information for each bond being claimed must be provided on the Fiscal Service Form 1048, regardless of the type of ownership for the bond: The month and year the bond was purchased.The bond owner’s first and last name as it appeared on the original bond (plus the owner’s middle name or initial, if it was on the original bond.)The original owner’s street address, city, and state.The bond owner’s Social Security Number (Taxpayer Identification Number) as it appeared on the original bond. To avoid processing delays, the Treasury Department advises that each required Fiscal Service Form 1048, along with any additional documents, should be completed fully and correctly, signed, and certified according to the instructions provided on the form. Options for Successfully Claimed Savings Bonds Once the existence and legal ownership of lost, stolen, or destroyed bonds has been verified by filing the required Fiscal Service Form 1048, owners of the bonds have the following options: For Series EE and I Bonds Cash them.Replace them with a bond in electronic form. For Series HH Bonds Cash themReplace them with paper bonds. For Series E and H Bonds Cash them. More about U.S. Savings Bonds Holders of Series H or HH savings bonds, which pay interest currently, should also check the Treasury Hunt web site to look for interest payments returned to the U.S. Bureau of the Public Debt as undeliverable. The most common cause for a payment to be returned is when a customer changes bank accounts or address and fails to provide new delivery instructions.Series E bonds sold from May of 1941 through November of 1965 earn interest for 40 years. Bonds sold since December of 1965 earn interest for 30 years. So, bonds issued in February of 1961 and earlier have stopped earning interest as have bonds issued between December of 1965 and February of 1971. Savings bonds become undeliverable and are sent to the  U.S. Bureau of the Public Debt  only after financial institution issuing agents or the  Federal Reserve  make several attempts at delivering the bonds to investors. Bonds returned as undeliverable are a tiny fraction of the 45 million bonds sold each year.The Bureau of the Public Debt has a number of employees assigned to a special locator group that finds owners of undeliverable payments and bonds. Each year they locate and deliver several millions of dollars in returned interest payments and thousands of previously undeliverable bonds to their owners. Treasury Hunt adds to the effectiveness, not to mention the fun, of this effort by making it easy for the public to check and see if theyve got a bond or interest payment waiting for them.

Sewing Machines Believed to Contain Red Mercury

Sewing Machines Believed to Contain Red Mercury Do you have an old Singer sewing machine? If so, it may be worth $50,000. BBC is reporting on a sewing machine hoax in Saudia Arabia in which people are rushing to buy old Singer sewing machines based on the belief that they might contain red mercury. No one knows for sure where the rumor started, much less the more curious rumor that you can hold your mobile phone up to a sewing machine to somehow detect the presence of red mercury. The story goes you will lose your signal if you hold your phone up to the needle of a sewing machine that contains red mercury. What Is Red Mercury? Its a fabled substance that might be used to produce nuclear weapons, ward off evil spirits, or help you find treasure, depending on who you ask. There is no real proof that red mercury exists, except perhaps as cinnabar or vermillion (HgS) or mercury(II) iodide, either of which you can purchase sans sewing machine for a much lower price. Still, if you have your old Singer up for auction at eBay, it might fetch a higher price than you were expecting. If youre considering buying an old Singer, save your pennies until after the scam has run its course.

How does buy a cup of coffee from starbucks affect to the environment Dissertation

How does buy a cup of coffee from starbucks affect to the environment - Dissertation Example And number of store result in an increases or decrease in the waste disposal and hence it is having a positive relationship with each other. Population also can directly affect the quantity of solid waste piled up in a locality and it can add job to the management of municipal solid waste .If the population increases or decreases, the waste disposed also increases or decreases so it shares a positive relationship with dependent variable. Total food expenditure does not directly affect the management of Municipal solid waste and is sharing a negative relationship with dependent variable. However , the recycling mandate is directly related with the dependent variable as the laws passed by the legislation can effect in increase or decrease in the work load of management of solid waste disposal. If a law restricts the Starbucks from disposing non recyclable materials, then it directly affects the dependent variable and hence it shares a positive relationship. Same is the case with the co rporate tax as it is immediately affecting the revenue of the city and hence provides a financial assistance to the municipality in managing the solid waste disposal. So it shares a positive relationship with the management of municipal solid waste.

Summary of Leviticus 25,26, Numbers 9, Deuteronomy 6 Assignment

Summary of Leviticus 25,26, Numbers 9, Deuteronomy 6 - Assignment Example This passage is important as it gives the significant celebrations that people ought to observe as commanded by God. The Sabbath year, for example, marks a year of rest as people should not sow or reap in that year, while the year of Jubilee depicts a time of liberty for the children of God. The Passover helps in reminding people that God saved them from the Egyptians, hence have a responsibility of obeying Him and loving Him as their only God. The passage shows that God loves His people, as he desires them to rest at various times, instead of working all the time. The Passover also depicts God’s love for humankind as he saved them from slavery. More to these, the passage shows that man belongs to God, thus must submit to his commands. Consequently, obedience leads to prosperity and long life as depicted in Deuteronomy 6:2, while disregard for the laws causes immense suffering. The passage also highlights the importance of keeping the laws and passing them on to future generations, so that all people get to live in accordance with God’s expectations. In addition, the passage relates righteousness to obeying the commands of God. Keeping all the commands equates to fearing God, and giving thanks to Him for delivering humanity from the bondage of the Egyptian oppressors. Conclusively, the passage seeks to highlight some of the important occasions we should observe in life as required by God. Prosperity follows those who obey, while the disobedient are punished for their actions.  

Data Protection Act 1998 and Broad Based Hr Essay Example for Free

Data Protection Act 1998 and Broad Based Hr Essay Assignment The main purpose of my current job role is the responsibility for processing all aspects of the Company’s payroll from start to finish and providing HR support to the other members of the team to ensure the effective day to day running of the HR function. This includes assisting with the recruitment of new staff and maintaining personnel records relating to employees in compliance with relevant legislation and regulation. To successfully undertake my role a wide range of skills, knowledge and behaviours are required.   The two professional areas Insight Strategy and Solutions and Leading HR are the heart of the profession and are the most important to all HR professionals. Very important is to understand the Company’s HR Strategy. The core of the Company’s HR strategy identifies two broad based HR objectives: Ensure that the talent and abilities of staff are recognised and developed to their full potential Ensure that the individual and collective skills and abilities of staff support the on-going delivery of Company objectives Develop understanding of the Company and use the insights to tailor strategy and solutions to meet organisational needs now and in the future Helping employees understand their role in change, the reason for it and the results that are expected In the design of the annual HR plans all members of the department work collaboratively to ensure the plans are challenging and deliver positive results for the company. As a leading HR it is important to support development plans and programmes. Provide advice confidently based on sound understanding of organisation’s policy and practice. Act as a role model leader, support, develop and measure others across the organisation. Work collaboratively with colleagues to deliver good policy, practice and advice. Employee engagement is important so that all employees have connection with their work, colleagues and to the organisation so that employees are more fulfilled by work and make a greater contribution towards organisational  objectives, therefore particular attention is needed to good leadership and management. To be effective in my role I need to refer to eight behaviours: 1. Curious- to be open to trying ideas reflect, analyse and test them and insight with others, take on board change, implement changes to payroll system and procedures try new ides 2. Decisive Thinker – analyse payroll data to ensure details and facts are correct, complete and consistent; use experience, standard procedure and common sense and knowledge to solve payroll problems while recognising limits of experience and authority within the organisation 3. Skilled influencer – understand how to influence within the culture, governance of performance framework and politics, identifying the key points to communicate on any interaction, selecting the right message and audience 4. Personally credible – improving own experience, knowledge, skills shearing it with colleagues, considering how to add value and ensure expertise is developed, accept and act on feedback on own performance to both criticism and praise 5. Collaborative – passing information promptly, keeping colleagues up to date, support them in their day-to-day work, handle disagreement as they occur, seeking a constructive solution, showing respect for diversity 6. Driven to deliver – identify the steps to achieve agreed tasks, goals and objectives in the immediate or short term, keep track of own progress, keeping deadlines or inform others when targets can’t be met, deliver to expectations and commitment, meeting or exceeding agreed standards 7. Courage to challenge – stand by own proposal in the face of difficult questions, providing supporting evidence, explore the full range of viewpoints, consult others when facing problems, undercover pertinent facts to move a debate forward 8. Role model – consistently act according to organisational and legal principles and agreed processes, deal with personal date and information in a highly professional manner and relevant legislation such as Data Pr otection Act, deliver expectations and promises Experience of processing all aspects of Payroll A good understanding of tax codes, tax and NI rates, thresholds, allowances  and deductions from pay Ability to calculate payroll manually A good understanding of SSP, SMP, SAP and Employment Law Experience of recruitment campaigns A good understanding of HR policies and procedures Ability to maintain confidentiality and ensure data protection principles are adhered to at all times Ability to work on own initiative and deal with difficult and sensitive situations Ability to organise and prioritise workload and to meet agreed deadlines and targets Excellent interpersonal skills

F. Scott Fitzgeralds The Great Gatsby Essay -- Fitzgerald Great Gatsb

The 1920s was a time of excess and growth. Economically, it was a time for great financial gain. Largely because of improvements in technology, productivity increased while overall production costs decreased, and the economy grew. Not only was this time filled with prosperity, but corruption as well. People who had previously worked day and night finally acquired leisure time. Some of the most wealthy people made the choice to fill this free time with gluttony and lust. Many authors during this time believed that the excessive spending and consumption would surely lead to ruin. Although many people associate good times and carefree abandon with the reverie of the 1920s, some also suggest a hidden, much darker side. In his novel The Great Gatsby, F. Scott Fitzgerald, conveyed his belief that wealth and materialism corrupted the American Dream. In The Great Gatsby, F. Scott Fitzgerald shows his disapproval of the times by portraying characters attempting to achieve their American Dream by any means possible. Myrtle Wilson, a low class inhabitant of the valley of ashes, puts her morals to the side when pursuing the wealthy life. Not even marriage stops Myrtle from having an affair with Tom Buchanan-- a rich man who enables her to finally buy the life she thinks she deserves. Not only does Myrtle cheat on her own husband, but she has an affair with someone who caught her eye with "a dress suit and patent leather shoes and [she] couldn't keep [her] eyes off him" (Fitzgerald 40). It is not a love for Tom that attracted Myrtle, but his money and power that she lusts after. Jay Gatsby-- a man actually in love with Daisy Buchanan and not simply the money she represents-- aspires to achieve his dream of wealth in... ...ent within Tom and Daisy signify that wealth cannot buy a person everything, including happiness. Fitzgerald questions the validity of the fiscally inclined American Dream within The Great Gatsby. During the 1920s, F. Scott Fitzgerald conveyed his disdain for the corruption within the American dream by depicting the immoral actions of society in his literature with a disapproving tone. Even though the country was economically prosperous, people increasingly lost much needed morals on their journey of the American Dream. Affairs and other sins took place with little guilt. People got caught up in the corruption around them in order to try to get their piece of the growing wealth. Without making some changes, society could have been on its way to self-devastation. Works Cited Fitzgerald, F. Scott. The Great Gatsby. 1st ed. New York: Scribner, 2004. Print.

Similarities Between Northern and Southern American Colonies

The Northern and Southern colonies had many similarities between the years of 1607 to 1763, but the idea that they were more similar than different is vastly incorrect. The economy in the Southern colonies was based off of planting and slave labor, which was very common, while land in the Northern colonies, for the most part, was not fertile enough to support planting. Another difference between the North and South was that government and the church had very close ties in the North, compared to a representative self-government in the South, separate from any church. People and towns were too far apart for churches to flourish in the South, whereas in the North, religion was very important and often taken to extremes. In the Southern colonies, tobacco was a huge crop, and the economy of several colonies was based almost entirely off of it. The history of tobacco is relatively short—by 1612, John Rolfe had perfected methods of growing tobacco that eliminated most of the bitterness of the leaf. After the first boatload of tobacco was sent to Europe, the European people quickly developed a high demand for it, one which American colonists were more than happy to fulfill. Because of the sudden incredibly high demand for tobacco, colonists were overwhelmed, and planted tobacco anywhere they could, including the ground next to the street and between graves. The tobacco-growing frenzy was so huge that colonists in the South had to import some of their foodstuffs at first, for they were not able to grow it themselves with all their land being used for tobacco. Because the crop of tobacco robs the soil of its nutrients so quickly, the demand for land exponentially increased, which led to an increased need for workers, preferably cheap, which is when wealthy planters turned to slavery. In comparison, the land in the Northern colonies was mostly glaciated soil, with stones in the dirt forced to the surface after every winter. Because of the rocky soil, staple crops did not grow well and so black slavery was not profitable in the North. Colonists who realized they would not be able to make much of a living off of the land became good at other things. Shipbuilding, fishing, and commerce were among the main professions in Northern colonies, due to the excessive fishing opportunities. Governing styles is another major difference between the Northern and Southern colonies. The first self-controlled government was established in Virginia, one of the Southern colonies, in 1619, the House of Burgesses. This was somewhat similar to the British parliament, met once a year in Jamestown, and was made up of twenty-two people. These twenty-two people were the governor of the colony, six prominent citizens hand-selected by the governor, and fifteen burgesses, or representatives, from varied locales, usually the larger plantations in the area. Overall, the people controlled the government in the South. This fact could be disputed about Northern government. In the Northern colonies, the government was more inclusive than it had been in the past in that all freemen could vote. Freemen were adult male landowners who belonged to the Puritan congregation. All male property owners could be involved in town government, regardless of whether or not they were Puritan. They would participate in town meetings, where matters large and small were discussed, debated, and solved by the people of the town themselves. According to the doctrine of the covenant followed by Northern colonists, the role of government was to enforce God’s laws, which applied to both believers and non-believers. Even with the government being so religious, clergymen were not allowed to hold an official political office, which led to the idea of the separation of church and state. The separation of towns was more of an issue in the South than the separation of church and state, in terms of religion. Because of the vast amounts of land needed by plantation owners to grow tobacco and other staple crops, towns and people were spread out, which slowed urban development significantly and also made the establishment of churches and schools difficult and expensive. Nevertheless, there was still religion in the Southern colonies—the vast majority of colonists were Anglican. In the Northern colonies, there were many churches, of several religious groups. Puritans and Quakers were the dominant religious groups in the North, though Quakers would not abide by laws set by the Puritans, so they were fined, flogged, and banished. In one extreme case, four Quakers, one a woman, who defied expulsion from their colony, were hanged. An extremist Puritan by the name of Anne Hutchinson claimed that a holy life was no true sign of salvation, and that the truly saved were going to heaven no matter what they did in their life, so they would not need to obey neither God’s nor man’s law. At the time, this was considered antinomianism and extreme heresy, so Anne was banished from her colony and forced to move. In conclusion, the Northern and Southern colonies did have many things in common, but the thought that they were more similar than different from the year 1607 to 1763 is an immense misconception. In the Northern colonies, it was not possible to grow staple crops because of the rocky soil, so settlers turned to other ways to make a profit than agriculture and slavery, while in the South, slavery and tobacco farming were the sole source of income for several colonies. The government in Northern colonies had close ties to the Puritan church, while in Southern colonies the style of government leaned towards self-representative. Churches were not common in Southern colonies, while they were of utmost importance, and often taken to extremes in Northern colonies.

Differentiated Instruction Paper

Differentiated Instruction Differentiated instruction is a process to approach teaching and learning for students with differing abilities in the same class. The intent of differentiating instruction is to maximize each student’s growth and individual success by meeting each student where he or she is assisting in the learning process (Polloway, Patton, and Serna, 2005). It’s an individualized instructional method. It is used to help students with diverse needs learn using a general curriculum. There are several approaches to using differentiated instruction when teaching learners with cultural or special needs. Every student has different learning styles, behaviors, and interests. It is up to teachers to meet state and district standards when teaching different learners no matter their needs. There are several ways to make sure students meet these standards. Kapusnick and Hauslein (2001) list the most common instructional strategies as acceleration, curriculum compacting, independent study, flexible grouping, independent-learning centers, complex questions, tiered activities, and contracts. Students who show mastery of instructional material through preassessment can learn at their own pace, acceleration. Curriculum compacting condenses learning and allows students to move ahead of material already learned while staying on grade level. During independent study, students progress at their own pace until they master a task by a due date agreed upon by the teacher. Teachers use flexible grouping based on students’ needs, interests, and abilities to allow students with similar capabilities to work together. Independent-learning centers provide students with remediation opportunities by investigating a topic in depth. In a differentiated classroom, the teacher asks complex questions that are open-ended, appeal to higher-order thinking skills, allow adequate wait time for answers (more than the traditional 1-3 seconds), and provide opportunities for peer discussions and follow-up questions. Additionally, tiered activities are used to promote success because the student chooses his or her own level of accomplishment (Kapusnick and Hauslein, 2001). And contracts are used as an agreement that allows students to take responsibility for completing tasks. Kapusnick and Hauslein, in an inclusive nvironment, students at all levels of understanding can learn more effectively if teachers adjust instruction for individual learning style and needs (2001). Vygotsky and Gardner’s theories of instructional practices are ways to assist teachers with presenting information to their learners. Howard Gardner’s theory of multiple intelligences asserted that students learn better and more easily when teac hers use a variety of delivery methods, providing students with learning experiences that maximizes their strengths (Kapusnick and Hauslein, 2001). Vygotsky’s zone of proximal development supports the notion that effective education facilitates development by assisting the progression to each stage through student-teacher interactions and opportunities to discuss and share ideas (Kapusnick and Hauslein, 2001). This theory requires teachers to help students with special needs by making accommodations to meet their needs. Teachers assist them until they reach their comfort zone of completing tasks independently or with minimal assistance. Students are taught the using the same curriculum, with different methods. The variation of activities provided during instruction should reflect the needs of the students. During differentiated instruction, teachers help students make sense of learning. The steps to using differentiated instruction are content, process, and product. Content is what we teach, process includes how we teach and how students learn, and product is the way our students demonstrate what they have learned (Levy, 2008). In order to find out the students’ abilities, teachers must first assess their skills. This lets the teacher know what levels the students are on. Assessments are used for various reasons. They are used to monitor progress, review abilities, and evaluate students’ strengths and weaknesses. They are an essential part of the decision-making process of determining what a student needs remediation with. Assessment results compare students individually and show differences among other peers. They are used to classify students for ability, or flexible, grouping, which identifies them for placement in special programs and groups. Assessments allow teachers to plan and adjust lessons to accommodate all learners. Grouping students according to their abilities by noting their ability levels, learning styles, and interests are ways teachers can plan for their students. Ability level groups allow teachers to place all students who may need remediation together to receive additional help, or challenging work. Students interpret instruction by what they hear, see, what they can do, and what they say. Some students pay attention to what the teacher says or reads; auditory learners, while others focus on what the teacher writes on the chalkboard, overhead projector, or smart board. Other students must do something hands-on or discuss it using more detail in order for them to grasp an understanding of a lesson. Once a teacher knows the students in the classroom and their learning styles, flexible grouping can be implemented. Students are likely to cooperate and work together as they build upon information of new knowledge. Differentiated instruction provides students with an organized instruction system consisting of basic skills and instruction. Teachers may present whole-class conversations of content big ideas followed by small group or pair work. Thoroughly explaining, demonstrating, and providing student with different interactions are skills teachers use to reach the learners. Student groups may be taught from within or by the teacher to complete assigned tasks. In differentiated instruction, the grouping of students does not have to be permanent, and can vary based on the information or tasks presented, the project, and constant evaluations. Classroom management also plays a role in differentiated instruction. Teachers must be consistent with the expectations of all the students academically and behaviorally. Along with classroom management, continuous assessment of students’ progress and therapy should also be maintained. Classroom guidance is another source of providing differentiated instruction. Guidance and school counselors assist students by counseling them to find out their needs and interests. They also inform students about educational opportunities by providing them with information on transition strategies and techniques used for dealing with unwarranted behaviors of school peers. Just like classroom instruction, counselors can use group or individual counseling sessions to support students. Depending on the students’ needs, the counselors can hold sessions in their office or in the students’ classroom. Akos, Cockman, and Strickland (2007), said through the last century, school counseling evolved from a position, to a set of services, to a multifaceted developmental program where skills needed to facilitate classroom guidance encompass a wide range of abilities, and the curricular nature of classroom guidance requires planning and delivery skills similar to those demanded of teachers. Therefore, whether for academic or social developments, school counselors plan hands-on activities and carry out classroom guidance sessions. English Language Learners (ELLs) and students with special needs may need additional assistance when learning new material. Differentiated instruction with these learners may require certain strategies when addressing curriculum factors and teaching for cultural reasons. It is important for teachers to know the cultural proficiency of their learners when taking into account differentiated instruction. According to Hoover and Patton (2005), language function, acculturation, conceptual knowledge, thinking abilities, cultural values and norms, and teaching and learning styles are curricular factors for concern with ELLs. Language function can be the conversations and social development skills the student makes. The goal is to get ELLs to use elevated language by talking more with friends, family members, and anyone they have constant communication with. It will help student focus on interpreting meanings for unfamiliar words while developing fluency skills. Acculturation is the process where one cultural group assumes traits of another cultural group (Hoover and Patton, 2005). In acculturation, students may respond with signs of withdrawal due to lack of communication and understanding. Conceptual knowledge is the new information gained from prior knowledge. It provides students with connections to the content being taught. ELLs need to apply their thinking capabilities to interact and learn the new curriculum. This is using their higher-order thinking skills. One’s cultural values and norms are their experiences and lifestyles they bring to the classroom. Differentiated instruction provides adaptations so the students can be educated using the appropriate grade level curriculum. This is again where teaching and learning styles play a role in educational developments. It focuses on the conditions the students learn under. Students with special needs or disabilities, in all grade levels, may feel as if they don’t have the same skills as non-disabled students for obvious reasons. Students with disabilities, as do many other students, may require significant practice, application, and generalization of relevant skills and concepts (Mastropieri et al. 2006). As a future educator, I have learned that it is our responsibility to educate all learners. Differentiated instruction involves just this, to teach students in the best way they could learn. Teachers plan instruction based on the readiness levels, interests, and educational needs of their students. They use multiple content, process, and product methods to promote academic and b ehavioral skills. Once teachers become familiar with the learning styles of the students and comfortable with their teaching methods, learning opportunities for the students expand. References Akos, P. Cockman, C. , Strickland, C. (2007). Differentiating classroom guidance. Professional School Counseling, Vol. 10, No. 5, p. 455-463. Hoover, J. & Patton, J. (2005). Differentiating curriculum and instruction for English-language learners with special needs. Intervention in School and Clinic, Vol. 40, No. 4, p. 231-235. Kapusnick, R & Hauslein, C. (Summer, 2001). The ‘silver cup’ of differentiated instruction. Kappa Delta Pi Record, p. 156-159. Levy, H. (2008). Meeting the needs of all students through differentiated instruction: helping every child reach and exceed standards. The Clearing House Vol. 81, No. 4, p. 161-164. Mastropieri, M. , Scruggs, T. , Norland, J. , Berkeley, S. , McDuffie, K. , Tornquist, E. , & Connors, N. (2006). Differentiated curriculum enhancement in inclusive middle school science: effects on classroom and high-stakes tests. The Journal of Special Education Vol. 40, NO. 3, p. 130-137. Polloway, E. , Patton, J. , & Serna, L. (2005) Strategies for teaching learners with special needs (8th Ed). New Jersey: Pearson-Merrill Prentice Hall.

Essay Helper

Essay Helper Essay Helper So you need to write a great application essay and dont really know when and how to get started. If so dont despair because this article is an essay helper that will put you on the right track and show you how to write personalized, brilliant and compelling admission essays that the admissions committee is sure to appreciate and reward by stamping it with that special word accept. As an essay helperthis article would like to point out that writing an admissions essay is the only step in the entire admissions process in which YOU are incomplete charge. So give it your best shot. Now is the time to: Think Plan Organize Structure So that you end up with an exceptionally written and crafted essay that is as unique as you are. Here are some useful tips from your essay help to point you in the right direction: Avoid saying too much too soon: stick to the vital point by focusing on your achievements and qualifications as well as the qualities that allow you to stand head and shoulders above the crowd. You do not want to go around repeating things that you have already written in the application form-focus more on who you are rather than what you have done. Dont just say it, prove it: if you claim to have a particular quality then you need to substantiate this with real life events in which these qualities were demonstrated along with more examples and reasons. There is no comparison between merely making a claim and letting it unfold as an interesting story. Use vivid details: from real life events-a thorough description can be a real essay helper.Instead of saying, I am interested in people from different backgrounds with a variety of interests Think of how you can say the same thing in a more detailed and captivating fashion Be precise: another realessay helperis when you zero in on actual incidents and events rather than making general sweeping statements that sound clichd and contrived. Avoid using statements like I always wanted to help people Be original: there is nothing (yawn) as boring as reading something that has been said a hundred times before. Keep these essay helper tips in mind and you are sure to come up with an essay that will make the admissions committee sit up and take notice: If you need term paper help, research paper help, or college essay help, do not hesitate to order professional custom paper writing services on our site and get your term paper written from scratch! Popular posts: Womens Rights Essay Romeo and Juliet Essays Malayalam Essays Lord of the Flies Book Review Life Experience Essay

ACT Photo Requirements How to Pick the Right Picture

ACT Photo Requirements How to Pick the Right Picture SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips If you're planning to take the ACT, you need to have a picture of yourself on your admission ticket. Do you know the ACT photo requirements? Did you know that if your picture doesn't meet the requirements, you may not be allowed to take the ACT on test day? In this article, I'll thoroughly explain how to make sure that you use an appropriate ACT picture. Also, I'll let you know how to upload your photo, and finally, I'll give you some important tips to remember to prevent any unanticipated problems on test day. Why Do You Need an ACT Picture? The ACT requires a picture to confirm your identity. The photos help prevent cheating by ensuring that nobody can take the test as somebody else. Your photo will be on your Admission Ticket and will be checked against your photo ID on test day. If you don’t have an acceptable photo on your Admission Ticket, you may be prevented from taking the ACT. ACT Photo Requirements You need to be easily recognizable from your picture. These are the requirements for the photo you use: ACT Photo Basics The picture must be of only you. No group photos or pictures with your significant other. Why did he ruin her ACT photo? No blurry or grainy photos. Make sure the picture is clear. This won't work. No shadows or dark spots over your face. Shadows are bad. The picture must have a plain background. Use a portrait photo, not a landscape photo. If you take a picture with a cell phone, the phone should be held vertically when you take the photo. You must be looking directly into the camera. No side profile pictures Face the camera. No dark glasses or sunglasses. Your eyes should be visible Sunglasses and ACT photos don't mix. Don’t wear a hat or head covering, unless it’s for religious purposes. If you do wear a religious head covering, adjust it so your face can be clearly seen. The ACT is gonna need her to remove the hat. Finally, here's an acceptable photo. ACT Photo Format and Size Requirements You can upload a JPEG, JPG, PNG, or BMP image file. The maximum file size is 5 MB. The photo must be at least 640 x 480 pixels. If you scan your photo, the uploaded picture must print as a 2† x 2† image or larger. Also, if you scan your picture, crop the image to show only your head and shoulders before you upload it. Tips for Finding or Taking an ACT Picture You can use any recent photo of you that fits the ACT photo requirements. Don’t scan a driver’s license or school ID photo. The scanned image probably won’t be high enough quality to be acceptable. If you’re taking a new picture, here are some tips: Stand a few feet in front of a plain wall. If you’re taking a picture outside, avoid having the sun at your back. Try not to use the camera flash. Use the camera zoom as needed to center only your face and shoulders within the photo frame. However, keep in mind that you can also crop photos if a photo you have or take isn't perfect. ACT Photo Upload Deadlines You don’t have to upload your photo at the time you register, but you must upload your photo by the photo upload deadline. Photo deadlines are usually 8 days before the test date. I recommend uploading your photo when you register so you don’t forget. If you don’t upload your photo by the deadline, your registration will be cancelled and you won’t be allowed to take the test. Also, your registration fee won’t be refunded. You’ll be able to request a test date change, but you’ll still have to upload a photo for that test. Here are the photo upload deadlines for the 2016-2017 academic year. Test Date Deadline (by midnight central time) September 10, 2016 September 2, 2016 October 22, 2016 October 14, 2016 December 10, 2016 December 2, 2016 February , 2017 February 3, 2017 April 8, 2017 March 31, 2017 June 10, 2017 June 2, 2017 How to Upload Your ACT Picture The ACT photo upload process is fairly straightforward. You’ll be prompted to upload your photo when you register online. You can upload any picture that’s on your computer by double clicking on the file. Also, you can transfer a hard photo to your computer by scanning it. Remember to make sure the scanned image meets the requirements before uploading it. Furthermore, you can transfer a photo from a device (cell phone or camera) to your computer by plugging the appropriate USB cord into your computer and device. Additionally, you can submit a photo from a mobile device using the free ACTPhoto app. Just download and install ACTPhoto. It’s available for both iPhones and Androids. Then you’ll be able to submit a photo from your device or use the camera to take a picture to upload. Finally, you can submit a hard photo, but that’s a little more difficult, and since you’re reading this article online, I assume you have computer access to upload a photo. Common ACT Photo Issues and Important Things to Remember The ACT is so particular about Admission Tickets and the photos on your Admission Tickets because these are security measures to help maintain the integrity of the test. You need to follow all the rules so that you’re able to take the test and receive a valid score. Here are some very important reminders for you: Make sure the name on your Admission Ticket matches the name on your photo ID. Your picture and name from your photo ID is compared to the picture and name on your Admission Ticket to confirm your identity. If there’s a different name on your ID, the test center won’t be able to effectively confirm your identity and you could be barred from taking your test. When you register online, enter your name exactly as it appears on your ID. Don’t use a nickname or any other name. Don’t forget your Admission Ticket or photo ID. If you don’t bring your ticket or ID, you won’t be allowed to take the test. The night before, lay out everything you need on test day. You can even make a checklist of things to bring, and make sure you have everything before you head to the test center. Only bring an ACT-approved calculator. You can only use a calculator on the Math section, and there are restrictions on the type of calculators you can use. Read our article on calculators for more information. Make sure you follow all ACT rules and regulations. The ACT is strict about its rules. Don’t test them. Don’t discuss specific questions while you’re on break or after the test. Only work on the section you’re supposed to be working on. Don’t keep working on a section after time expires. Read my article on ACT rules for thorough information about the rules you need to follow. If you break any of these rules, your score may be cancelled. And if you’re caught cheating, the ACT can even take legal action. What's Next? Did you miss the late registration deadline for the ACT, but you still want to take the test? Learn about ACT standby testing. Are you wondering how your score is determined? Find out how ACT scores are calculated. Finally, if you're preparing for the exam, check out this post about how to ace the ACT. Want to improve your ACT score by 4+ points? Download our free guide to the top 5 strategies you need in your prep to improve your ACT score dramatically.

Eastern Massasauga Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Eastern Massasauga - Essay Example Eastern Massasauga is a rattlesnake, tail tipped by grey-yellow horny rattles and with several dark brown rings. An adult Massasauga is 18 to 30 inches in length (US fish and wildlife service web). Eastern Massasaugas inhabit wet areas. During spring, Massasauga use open shallow wetlands or shrub swamps. During summer, they move upward to drier areas where they can be found the sunning in open fields. In the northern part of the US, Eastern Massasauga live in Canada, Ontario, around Georgia bay, Northern Indiana, and Northern and Central Ohio. In addition, they live in Lower Peninsula of Michigan although they are declining due to human activities. Its protection in Michigan as an endangered species is due to destruction of its habitats. Eastern Massasauga is classified in the Eukarya domain, Animalia kingdom, Chordata Phylum, and reptilian class. The botanical name of Eastern Massasauga is Sistrurus Catenatus. The word â€Å"Massasauga† translates to â€Å"great river mouth,† in the Chippewa language describing wet areas surrounding a river where snakes can be found. Other names given to Eastern Massasauga are black Massasauga rattlers, Massasauga rattlers, Michigan rattlers and swamp rattlers (Eastern Massasauga rattlesnake web). An Eastern Massasauga is a slow moving snake that often strikes if disturbed. In New York, it is the smallest of the three venomous snakes. They employ camouflage where they hide in areas that bear the same colour as themselves. Massasaugas take advantage of their different adaptations to survive in the wet areas. For instance they have to detect prey from a distance through its organs. It uses Vomero-nasal organ also known as Jacobson’s organ that is located at the roof of the mouth with nerve endings in to the brain to detect prey. They take their tongue out to pick some air and place it on to the surface of Vomero for detection. In addition, this organ detects mates, geographical regions, and predators (John

Current Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Current - Research Paper Example It there for means that Eli Lilly and company is basically the bedrock or pillar of Lilly Endowment. However, Lilly Endowment remains a motivator for the pharmaceutical company, and hence it affects some of its business and management strategies. Lilly Endowment entails some community and volunteer programs in the community. It is believed that its budget is greatly financed by Eli Lilly and company and this means that the pharmaceutical company would do anything to make gain, to put in a capacity to support Eli Endowment. This could mean cutting on expenses like reduction of labor, adoption of modern and effective digital management strategies like e-human resource management (E-hrm) to reduce the number of workers hence reduce on the labor expenses among others. Furthermore, the pharmaceutical company may have to organize some workshops and seminars to encourage the beneficiaries and officials from the Lilly endowment and this could mean some cost and time as well. Some senior management team are always required to mentor the youths and women in the Lilly Endowment and this means they have to forego their core roles in the Eli Lilly and company to encourage some members of the Lilly Endowment Inc. Lilly Endowment was founded by the core owner of Eli Lilly and company and his three core values revolved around community development, education and religion among others. This means that the same principles must be incorporated in the pharmaceutical management strategy. The element of community development could be related to its CSR which entails building schools for the locals, initiating clean water projects in the community, constructing health institutions and funding certain health related projects to eradicate epidemic like HIV and TB among others. The company is known to donating food and pharmaceuticals to the less fortunate like the street homes and elderly homes

Emperor Qinshihuang Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Emperor Qinshihuang - Essay Example when the country set course to become unified, by about 221 B.C., during which time he provided leadership and direction to the country. Emperor Qin Shi Huang was the First Emperor of this new and Unified China, and his reign, first as king and then as Emperor, stretched from 246 to 210 B.C. To be fair, it should be noted the Emperor is recorded to be quite a tyrannical figure in Chinese history. This was likely necessitated by the fact, however, that he had to struggle to keep the country unified during this initial stage of China being governed by an Emperor, particularly during the first part of his reign. It was a paradox of sorts, as this 35 year rule of power by the Emperor saw both great advances in cultural and intellectual pursuits, yet also resulted in great amounts of destruction throughout the land (Donn & Donn 2003). Perhaps owing to this reason, there are different schools of thought when considering the perceived greatness of Emperor Qin Shi Huang. Yet, history cannot erase the fact that the first emperor of a unified China must be considered when broaching any discussion about what forms the foundation of the country that we know today. The basis for modern day China can certain be traced back way before the time of Christ, with the line of emperors that sough to advance the region into the most powerful and greatest country on earth. At the time that the Emperor came into power, China had really been ravaged by division. As such, the infrastructure of the country was in tatters, and there was little direction about how the country would experience any type of progress (Wood 2008). The people really did need a strong leader if they were going to advance as a civilization, so it was almost by necessity that Emperor Qin Shi Huang ruled with an iron fist so to speak. This dominate and charismatic leader, however, was able to accomplish a great deal during the 35 years he held onto the position of emperor. Some of the many accomplishments entailed t he numerous construction projects completed, adding greatly to the vitality of the region (Feuchtwang 2011). In addition, history shows us that China began to develop its own distinct culture and tradition during this time, as well as becoming known for its intellectual pursuits that are still marveled at today. In the end, however, there was also great destruction throughout the country as there were many who did not seek a unified China of this fashion, but the emperor was able to hang on. To understand how he did this, it would help to go back to the beginning and work our way forward. There is not tremendously reliable evidence about the birth and family lineage of Qin Shi Huang. It is widely believed that he was born as an illegitimate chid, and we are not entirely certain of his birth father of record (Wilkinson 2000). Just as today, illegitimate children in China are frowned upon a bit in the social hierarchy, so this likely contributed to some of the negative criticism aimed at the First Emperor. History today does shed a bit different of a light on the record of his birth, but the evidence is still not conclusive. The reality is, however, that we know Qin Shi Huang become unified China’s first Emperor at the early age of 13. Even though such young rulers are not unheard of in ancient civilization, this emperor actually ruled by proxy for the first 8 years, as Lu Buwei was the figure head and decision maker during that time. Buewi was the modern day equivalent of Prime Minister and, interestingly, is the person

Institutional Structures Of Brazil And China Economics Essay

Institutional Structures Of Brazil And China Economics Essay There are a number of factors that multi-national corporations ought to consider before investing in another country. The challenges that are faced vary from country to country. In some cases there are similarities within the institutional structures of these countries that may attract corporations to take advantage of the favorable factors. On the other hand some instructional structures are capable of limiting the policy alternatives available to investors and other policy makers. The control in power among government organizations such as the legislative, judicial and executive makes it difficult for the policy making process to be reviewed. This paper seeks to analyze and discuss five areas of the institutional structures of Brazil and china that are likely to influence global corporations like OPEC to invest in the petroleum industry of another country. A discussion of the comparative attractiveness of these markets is also presented after the assessment of the two countries. A brief back ground of the two countries is also presented. A logical conclusion is drawn from such assessment at the end of this paper. overview of Brazil With the exploitation of large natural resources and a large labor intensive economy, Brazil has risen to the position of being the leading economic power in South America as a major emerging economy. Revenues from the production and supply of oil have made a significant contribution to the development of the economy. Petrobras (a major oil producing company in Brazil founded in the year 1953) has established itself as the biggest oil company in the Latin America in terms of revenue and market capitalization; according to the rankings from Latin Business Chronicle, Petrobras 2008 revenue was 118.3 billion. While the company (Petrobras) has withdrawn itself from being Brazils legal monopolist in the petroleum industry in 1997, it continues to play a significant role as a major oil producer, with production exceeding 2 million barrels of oil per day. Information presented on CIA- world fact a book show that in 2008 Brazils estimated oil production in barrels of oil equivalent per day w as 2.422 million. The country is governed under the 1988 constitution of amendment, of which it is presently being run by the federal republic (government type). The countrys president (leader of government) who is elected into office by the highest votes can serve a four year term (and may do so on two terms), has both the positions of the head of state and head of government. Brazil has an increasing economy based primarily on financial, service, manufacturing and trade (Britannica concise encyclopedia, 2010). With an increasing and developing agricultural, mining, manufacturing and service sectors, Brazil is placed at the top of all the countries within South America. This has allowed the country to accomplish a well established position in the global market and economy. According to a report produced by the World Economic Forum, the Brazilian economy was ranked as the top country in rising evolution of competitiveness in 2009. Brazil posses a large mineral wealth comprising of iron ore, tin, quartz, industrial diamonds, gem stones, gold, uranium, bauxite and platinum. The newly found offshore oil and natural gas deposits can place the country in the position of being a major gas and petroleum producer. The country also has a very large food processing and the principal manufacturing industries produce of products such as shoes, chemicals, steel, aircraft textile and machinery. The main source of Brazils electricity comes from water power, and it has a great untouched potential for hydroelectricity, more so in the Amazon basin. Brief overview of Russia Russia has gone through a period of industrialization since the disintegration of the Soviet Union (in 1991) shifting from an internationally-isolated, predominantly planned economy to a market-oriented and internationally-integrated economy. The economic restructuring and development process which began in the 1990s has witnessed the nationalization of most industry, with the distinct exclusion in the energy and security-related sectors. Today, Russia has been experiencing significant economic development as one of the major emerging market. In addition, Russia has a favorable balance of trade where exports exceed imports in a significant way. According to CIA-the world fact book, Russias estimated exports for 2008 and 2009 are 471.6 billion and 295.6 billion respectively, whereas their imports for the same period are 291.9 billion and 196.8 billion respectively. Russias Petroleum industry is another major contributor to the economy and is one of the biggest oil producers in the glo bal market. According to a June 2009 report present by the Energy Information Administration, Russia is ranked the 2nd largest oil producer with the production of 9,677 thousand barrels of oil per day. The report also ranked Russia as the fourth biggest consumer of petroleum in the world with consumption of approximately 2,811 thousand barrels per day. As it relates to oil export, Russia is ranked as the 2nd biggest net exporter) with 6,866 thousand barrels per day. The government type of Russia is a Federal Republic which basically means that the country has a federation of states run by a Republican type of government. This type of government is comprised of both a President and a Prime Minister that jointly runs the countrys affairs. The President holds the position of head of state while the Prime Minister holds the position of head of state; the Executive authority is carried out by the government and the Legislative Authority is carried out by both the government and the two chambers of the Federal Assembly of Russia. The safe guarding of property rights issue has continued to be an area of serious concern while the strong state interference in private sector continues to be a norm. Russias industry is mainly divided between internationally competitive product producers. In 2009, Russia was the worlds biggest exporter of both petroleum and natural gas and was ranked in third spot as the biggest exporter of steel and main aluminum. In order for businesses to conduct foreign investments there are a few risk factors that can serve as barriers for investments. These risk factors could undermine growth and economic stability and they should be taken into consideration so that businesses would remain profitable and have sustainable market share in this competitive global era. Every business transactions have some level of risk. However, when business transaction takes place across global borders, additional risk is prevalent as oppose to domestic transactions. This section, examines the stability of both Brazil and Russia as it relates to the potential investment of Oil Industry. In order to compare and contrast both countries on its stability, considerations have to be given to the Political, Economic, Regulatory and Technological environment. Compare and contrast Brazil and Russia as it relates to political stability Brazil has a Federal Government type meaning their political environment is made up of a number of self-governing states united by a federal government (Babylon translation, 2004), whereas, Russia on the other hand is made up of a Constitutional Federation (Federal Republic). The issue here is whether governments action could affect the profitability of investing in Brazil or Russia. Brazil is a stable government who is open to the idea of foreign investors. It is the largest foreign direct investment recipient in Latin America, attracting an estimated USD 42 billion in 2008 (United Nations report). Although Brazil is considered as friendly or appropriate environment for investment, the governments implementation of high level taxation and regulatory requirements exist. Brazil has a cooperate tax of 34% as compared to Russia 20% (Brazil income taxes 2010). As a result, conducting business in Brazil as compared to Russia with taxation as the variable makes Russia more of an attractive market since businesses in Russia will have more disposable earning for expansionary purposes of the oil industry. The level of corruption in a country has far reaching ramification on investments and on the doing business climate. According to Transparency International (2010) which gives corruption perception indices on a scale of 1-10 (1 being highly corrupt and 10 being free from corruption), Brazil has a corruption perception index of 3.5 whereas; Russia has a corruption perception index of 2.3. Hence, Russia highly probability of investors in the oil industry being subjected to unfair business practices than that of Brazil. Compare and contrast Brazil and Russia as it relates to their Regulatory stability According to Bloombergs report (2008), the Brazilian economy grow at the fastest paste since 2004 and in sync with standards and poors report the country is expected to maintain annual growth up to 4.5%. This type of economic growth gives credit to the country for potential investment. Thus, the previous year Brazil recorded a record high of $34.6 billion foreign investment. This amount of foreign direct investment together with a tripled export rate will cover Brazils current account deficit (Standard and Poors, 2008). Brazil stable economy have drawn investors and trade agreements between Brazil and other countries. Russia on the other hand, economy has been contracting due to falling oil prices and trade disputes with neighbors. This has resulted in Russia being the first G-8 nation to be downgraded since the start of the global economic crisis. Russia has been struggling with rising inflation, high unemployment, negative economic growth and social unrest which have become a disin centive for foreign direct investment including that of the oil industry (Walker and Robbins, 2009). Compare and contrast Brazil and Russia as it relates to their Economic stability As every other country Russia has regulatory system in place, however as a result of corruption, regulations are not enforced as to aid in the fear treatment of investors. The influence of governments on prices, bureaucratic inconsistency and other forms of government controls detours investments in various sectors. The regulatory environment in Russia makes it difficult to start, operate and close a business. Bureaucratic procedures are drawn out and complicated. For example, obtaining a business license takes more than 18 procedures and 218 days (The heritage foundation 2010). Investment law is very subjective to federal law which allows Government a lot of discretionary control over foreign investment. That is to say, while investment laws speculate the national treatment or foreign investors, federal law is given the prerogative in the protection of the constitution and defense of state. In retrospect, the Russian government in 2006 introduced what is known as the strategic secto rs law under which interests by foreign investors must be pre-approved by the Russian government which has been marred by corruption (Russia been ranked 147 out of 149 countries on transparency international index or 2008 and bribery being rampant), inadequate infrastructure and unreliable contract enforcement. All of these factors affecting the oil industry in various ways. The court system however, in Brazil has proven to be highly ineffective. This is due to lack of human resource and efficient functionary equipment, especially when dealing with issues pertaining to shareholder rights and claims. This comparison shows that both markets have varying weaknesses as it relates to regulatory systems. However, specific to oil industry, Brazil has a comparative advantage in that, the country has had regulatory stability for over 10 years of petroleum Law (Hale, 2009). In addition to these, other factors influences the attractiveness of the market relative to the potential oil industry. Provided hereunder is the convertibility of currency which is another deeming factor that can influence investment opportunities in Brazil or Russia. Convertibility of Local Currency to Dollars The convertibility of a countrys local currency also plays an important role in further development of an economy. With the U.S dollar being the world reserve currency, developing countries would do well to have a close, if not full convertibility rate to the U.S dollar. In Brazil the currency used is the Brazilian Real (R$), also known as BRL. At present the exchange rate for Brazilian currency to the U.S dollar is 1.82 BRL to $1 U.S.D. Though not fully convertible, the Brazilian Real stands strong. Ever since 2003, the U.S dollar has fallen 50% against the BRL. The reason for the strength in the Brazilian Real is the fact that Brazils exports surpass its imports. Thus more foreign currency comes in, than the BRL goes out. This can affect the Brazilian currency positively as a convertible currency would mean free movement of capital, which can help strengthen the economy. Oil is in great demand all over, for it has a vast number of uses. If the oil industry were to come to Brazil it will yield much higher profits due to its close conversion rate to the US dollar of 1.82 BRL to $1 U.S.D as mentioned earlier. As of 2009, Brazil had the second largest oil reserves in the region of South America, of 12.6 billion barrels as was proven by The Oil and Gas Journal (OGJ). 2.4 billion barrels of oil was produced in Brazil each day and continued to rise throughout the years. With increases such as these, the Short-Term Energy Outlook forecasted as of September 2009, that oil production would reach around 2.61 million and 2.81 million in 2010. Brazil, in this respect clearly has high potential where the oil industry is concerned and would prove to be a profitable area for investors wishing to position their industry in the country. However, investors must still be cautious. Although Brazil is high on foreign exchange, in order to sustain this level of foreign currency coming into the country, and to deter inflation of their currency, trade barriers and the high tariffs ar e place on some goods to prevent or minimize imports. Taxes are also very high and are placed on all citizens in the country to cover government spending. So at the end of the day a heavy amount of a businesss profits would go towards paying taxes. So while an oil industry may work well in Brazil, there are other areas of concern that investors must take into consideration before selecting the country as a target market. Russia on the other hand has achieved full convertibility of its currency since the year 2006. Russias currency uses the ruble or RUB. At present, its rate to the US is 1 RUB to 0.03 US dollars. This therefore opens Russias economy to freer movement of trade and a major player in international financial markets (Encyclopedia.com, 2006). A fully convertible currency has gained Russia multiple benefits such as the opening of ruble accounts for both foreign and local investors alike and the advantage of investing in both foreign and domestic businesses. Russia is quickly becoming a globally established economy. However, there remain few problems with the Russian currency. According to The Worlds Favourite Currency Site, Russians inflation rate, compared to the US Dollar, is near 6.5 percent, while the ruble has weakened to 33 rubles per US dollar. Russia, as the largest oil producer on the globe, can suffer greatly from fluctuations. This is because as prices rise and fall, so must the prices of oil change to reflect. This, as a result, hinders the ability for the country to plan a proper budget for its economy and consequently, the ability to plan for expansionary purposes for the economy as a whole. Comparing and contrast trade agreements International relationship specific to the WTO and OPEC as it relates to the Brazil and Russia As the result of globalization, international relations between countries have become increasingly significant, hence the reason why, the rules regarding international trade became necessary. On average 52.3% of Russias total trade turnover takes place with the European Union which is also the biggest investor in Russia accounting for 75% of Russias foreign direct investment. Notwithstanding this, Russia is the worlds largest economy which is not part of the WTO and with Russia being the second largest producer of oil in the world, it is not part of OPEC. Russias non-membership in these critical organizations limits its ability to play an active role in the decision making process as an emerging market. In the case of the WTO, despite recommendation for accession into the WTO by the EU and other members of the BRIC forum, Russia has failed to implement some of the necessary regulatory requirements as the leadership of the country has shown the lack of political will to do so. There h ave been years of rescheduling, timetabling and back and forth negations to ensure that Russia becomes a member of the WTO, however in June 2009 Russian Prime Minister Vladimir Putin made an appalling decision to abandon efforts for accession into the WTO. In retrospect, the development of Russia by exploiting opportunities made available through the WTO and its multilateral trade agreements is hindered. Similarly, Russias non-participation in OPEC has had far-reaching ramifications for the oil industry since it is not able to play a role in controlling the supply and price of oil. On the other hand, Brazil is a member of several international economic organizations as such as the WTO and WCO. The WTO is a global international organization which deals with trade between nations. Brazils membership into the WTO represents the fact that the regulatory requirements of the WTO have been met by Brazil which allows for the exploitation of balance of rights and obligations and ensures that there is security and fairness as it relates to multilateral trade. Traditionally Brazil has produced just about enough oil to aid in its local consumption. However in 2008 with the discovery of off show oil deposits which may contain as much as 100 billion barrels of oil Brazil may become one of the worlds emerging oil exporters. In this regard Brazilian authorities have expressed the desire to become members of OPEC whenever it commences oil exports. This motive will stands to provide mutual benefits for both Brazil and the OPEC since the addition of Brazil as a member of OPEC will allow for the organization to have control over a larger percentage of the worlds oil hence more influence on oil supply and by extension prices. Similarly, Brazil will now have influence over world oil prices as a member of OPEC. This gives Brazil a comparative advantage over Russia relative to the oil industry in that although Russia have been a major exporter of oil, it has not established relations hips with other oil exporting countries to facilitate the regulation of oil supply, prices and corruption in the industry. Further, while Russia is suffering from quickly depleting oil supply Brazil has been able to locate new oil reserves resulting in more clout for Brazil on the international scene as it relates to trade as a decision maker in the oil industry. Market size and attractiveness Both Russia and Brazil are part of the four emerging markets (BRIC) with great potential for economic growth. Brazil has a population of 192,272,890, ranked number four in terms of population size on the market potential index for emerging markets in 2009. Brazilians has a mean disposable income of USD 16,208 with an emerging middle class. The level of economic growth has left some inequalities and therefore 75% of the population earns below the mean disposable income. The rapid growth of the middle class in Brazil has resulted in higher demands for oil and oil related products impacting positively on the industry. Growth of the upper/elite class is also evident with a 124% increase in average disposable income from 2002-2007 of USD 72,932. These levels of growth have been complemented by increased government spending and a falling debt to GDP ratio. The decreasing amount of public and foreign debt stands to benefit the economy in terms of employment since government can spend more o f its resources the capital side of the budget equation and in some cases less taxes are necessary to service recurrent expenditure and debt hence more disposable income is available to circulate in the economy. These economic conditions amongst many others are responsible for the position Brazil has established in the global market as one of the worlds fastest emerging and most attractive markets. Russias population stands at 141,927,297 as of 1 January 2010 with steady growth of the upper/elite class driving oil consumption to an all time high. The changing lifestyle of persons in the upper class fueled by high-end motor vehicles has resulted is a ravenous demand for oil and oil based products. Russias low debt to GDP ratio of 6.8% should allow for efficient distribution of wealth and steady economic growth. However because of the level of corruption there is inefficient distribution of wealth and the overdependence on the oil industry hinders the countrys ability to compete in ot her areas. Russia also has the highest disposable income of emerging markets with 87% of per capita income being disposable, with projected increase of disposable averaged at 15% annually. There is a widening middleclass especially in Moscow which has a disposable income that is more than three times that of the national average. The average disposable income is $ 1023. This comparison clearly shows why both countries are regarded as emerging markets and are generally attractive to investors. This will yield much benefit to the oil industry because of the increasing demand tied with improvements in the standard of living and disposable income. Russia however is confronted with the problem of depleting oil supply, hence, if demand continues to rise Russia oil imports will peak resulting in a steep fall in GDP. It should also be noted that the spread of wealth in Brazil is more equitable than that of Russia which creates a gap in class strata which is known to cause increases in indig ent rates which leads to civil unrest in some cases. Conclusions The oil Industry is clearly very dynamic and is affected by several variables in the economy including: the type of government, economic freedom, regulatory systems, currency fluctuation and convertibility, general economic condition , trade and international relations, market size and attractiveness and many other related factors. With Russia and Brazil being members of the BRIC forum of emerging markets and the concurrent peaks in demand for oil, efficient and prudent economic management should ensure the equitable spread of wealth which should stimulate economic growth. However limitations of governments and other related variables are impediments to the achievement of these noble dreams. Hence, based on the evaluation of critical areas in this paper it is conclusive that both Brazil and Russia presents opportunities for investment and in specific areas one may have a comparable advantage over the other. Clearly in generalization Brazil offers a more stable and predictable investm ent environment which hinges on its steady system of government with established trade relations and a regime prone to fighting corruption as opposed to Russia which have been marred by corruption at all levels and mismanagement in its oil industry. The emergence of future oil exporting potential by Brazil will further position Brazil to be one of the worlds economic powers. While Russia have had some level of growth, much of it is not attributed to the efforts of it government system but rather to economic factors as a result of changing spending patterns. Our recommendation of Brazil as the choice investment market is relative to outlook from the perspective of the oil industry and may vary for other industries. It is arguable that based on the industry being examined and the economic variables under consideration that Russia may be found suitable for investment.

Teacher Expectations and Education Essay example -- Education Teaching

Teacher Expectations and Education One thing I’ve learned this year is that teachers must always strive to adapt to the wide range of individual student abilities, learning styles, and interests even within a single class, but still maintain reasonable expectations, especially if tracking is present in the school. Through my observations, it seems that teacher expectations for students became increasingly lower with each "track." Furthermore, minority, low socioeconomic status and learning support students most frequently appear, in the lower tracks. The low expectations in these classes may be reflected in the students as they leave the school and attempt to function in society. Research by NCTE suggests that ability tracking is detrimental to some groups of students and to many individual students. I will be exploring how low expectations may cause inappropriate behaviors, lack of interest in subject matter, and resistance to learning and how tracking exacerbates these problems. I think it is important, as I discuss expectations in different tracks, to show the composition of students that make up each of the classes that I observed and taught, as it appears that minority, low SES, and learning support students tend to make up the lower tracks. I remember feeling; both shock and surprise when I learned that State College still practices a form of tracking, but Regular, College Prep, and Advanced English seemed pretty harmless at first. The distinct difference between the curriculum and "types" of students from level to level, particularly from Regular to College Prep is what soon began to catch my interest. I should first point out that in the 9th and 10th grades there are only two tracks, Regular and Advanced. Juniors ... ... artwork.† I truly believe (and I’m sure this will be worked out of me at some point) that the moment a teacher says or even thinks that a student is incapable of some task, that is the moment that the student becomes incapable. So what’s the solution to being sensitive to student needs, yet not single them out, labeling, or lowering expectations? Maybe the CTI has some value. Why not simply have two tracks, Regular/College Prep and Advanced (as researched by The National Research Center on the Gifted and Talented Learner does show that gifted students benefit from tracking) but keep the CTI model of two teachers collaborating in some way and smaller class sizes? With fewer students, teachers would have more time to give individualized help without labeling or segregating certain students and it is less likely that expectations would be lowered unnecessarily.